Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton [pdf]

Researchers initially faced limitations in artificial neural networks due to a 1969 book by Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert. However, parallel developments led to the creation of recurrent neural networks and models like the Hopfield model.

Differential Transformer

https://arxiv.org/static/browse/0.3.4/images/arxiv-logo-fb.png
Diff Transformer amplifies relevant context while canceling noise by subtracting two softmax attention maps. It outperforms Transformer in language modeling and offers advantages in long-context modeling, key information retrieval, and hallucination mitigation.

The Static Site Paradox

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Normal users are stuck with overcomplicated websites due to ease of using platforms like Wordpress, while professional engineers prefer simple static HTML sites. This complexity pushes users towards social networks, making the web less accessible.

Who died and left the US $7B?

https://sherwoodnews.imgix.net/EstateMysteryPerson.jpg?auto=compress%2Cformat&cs=srgb
A $7 billion estate-tax payment was made in 2023, sparking a mystery about the identity of the deceased billionaire. An anonymous source revealed the payment likely came from Fayez Sarofim, a private investor with an estimated net worth of over $20 billion.

Show HN: Kotlin Money

https://blog.eriksen.com.br/assets/images/posts/introducing-money/dollars-bitcoins.jpg
A Kotlin library called Money helps with monetary calculations and allocations, preventing rounding issues and ensuring accurate results. It supports 306 currencies and 2283 cryptocurrencies, with features like allocation and percentage calculations.

Uxn

https://100r.co/media/content/projects/uxnexplode.jpg
The Uxn/Varvara ecosystem is a personal computing stack with a small virtual machine that allows running applications on various systems. It's open-source and can run on desktops, tiny electronics, handhelds, and in browsers.

Show HN: Winamp and other media players, rebuilt for the web with Web Components

https://image.mux.com/fXNzVtmtWuyz00xnSrJg4OJH6PyNo6D02UzmgeKGkP5YQ/thumbnail.webp?time=52
Mux Inc created a mobile-first theme inspired by social media apps and a YouTube player. The theme optimizes for shorter content with simpler playback controls.

On the Nature of Time

https://content.wolfram.com/sites/43/2024/10/sw10082024timeAimg2.png
Time is a reflection of the progress of computation in the universe, and our experience of time is due to the interplay between our computational boundedness as observers and the computational irreducibility of underlying processes. The nature of time is abstract and independent of the details of the computational rules, and it's a consequence of the Principle of Computational Equivalence and ...

End of the road for Google Drive in Transmit

Google will revoke Transmit's access to Google Drive, forcing a future update to remove Google Drive connections. This decision was made due to Google's new policies requiring expensive and time-consuming annual reviews for apps accessing Google Drive.

A modest critique of Htmx

The team found that using Htmx in a non-trivial user interface led to complicated cases and implicit behavior, contradicting its locality of behavior argument. They plan to drop the Htmx dependency and use their server-side language to retain the benefits of the idea, solving issues with morphdom, DOM input elements, and state management.

My first game with Carimbo, my homemade engine

https://img.youtube.com/vi/nVRzCstyspQ/0.jpg
You created a game from scratch using C++17 and Lua, exposing primitives to the Lua VM for game coordination. The game features resource management, object pooling, and a postal service for entity messaging.

European govt air-gapped systems breached using custom malware

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ESET researchers discovered a series of attacks by GoldenJackal, a cyberespionage APT group, targeting air-gapped systems in Europe and South Asia. The group used custom tools, including GoldenDealer, GoldenHowl, and GoldenRobo, to compromise and exfiltrate sensitive information.

An illustrated proof of the CAP theorem (2018)

The CAP Theorem states that a distributed system can have at most two of the following three properties: consistency, availability, and partition tolerance. A distributed system cannot simultaneously be consistent, available, and partition tolerant.

Video Surveillance with YOLO+llava

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PsyChip/machina/main/demo.png
The script connects to a high-resolution RTSP stream, resamples frames for YOLO processing, and makes LLM requests for object tagging. It has a frame skip mechanism and can run on an old GPU, with some delays due to network conditions.

Practices of Reliable Software Design

The user designed a fast and small in-memory cache with eight adopted practices, including defaulting to off-the-shelf solutions, minimizing design phases, and limiting features to reliable software. The design involved using a plain array, hash collisions, and performance counters to simplify the cache and make it easier to run in production.
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2019/02/ShowCover.jpg
Converting a string to uppercase or lowercase letter by letter can be problematic due to issues with wide characters, Unicode representation, and varying character lengths. A better approach is to use LCMapStringEx or the ICU library's u_strToUpper and u_strToLower functions for accurate case mapping.

Do U.S. ports need more automation?

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The US port automation debate is complex, with automation not necessarily improving port productivity and the lack of it not being the main reason for poor US port performance. Other factors such as union work rules, limited hours of operation, lack of coordination, and infrastructure investment issues contribute to the poor performance of US ports.

Don't let dicts spoil your code

https://roman.pt/posts/dont-let-dicts-spoil-your-code/splash_hued0d13a2034a04fbb4bcad55138bdafa_423992_1000x400_fill_q75_box_smart1.jpg
Using plain dictionaries in code can lead to technical debt and make it hard to maintain, so it's better to use data structures with semantics like classes or dataclasses that provide clear definitions and can be easily extended. Libraries like Pydantic and dataclasses can help simplify the process of creating and validating data models, making it easier to maintain and extend codebases.

Rabbit hole: stumbling across two Portuguese punched cards

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User dislikes technology mysteries, but found a mystery involving old Portuguese computer book and punched cards. User decoded the cards as employee data and work hours for a person named João A. Fernandes.

Research in psychology: are we learning anything?

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The author questions the progress of psychology, suggesting that despite decades of research, the field has not made significant advancements in understanding the human mind or developing effective treatments for mental illnesses. The author proposes two paths forward: continuing to debunk folk psychology or shaking things up by entertaining radical new ideas and exploring mysteries that ...

Lead drinking-water pipes must be replaced nationwide, EPA says

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How to delete your 23andMe data amid the company's turmoil

https://lifehacker.com/imagery/articles/01J9CR1HT8SDYKX7N1QGGC0AQE/hero-image.fill.size_1248x702.v1728078464.jpg
23andme is facing trouble with a 2023 data breach and board resignations, and its CEO has reversed a decision to consider a third-party takeover. Customers are concerned about their data if the company goes under, but can download it by verifying their identity through the website.

John Hopfield and Geoff Hinton Win Physics Nobel Prize [pdf]

Two Nobel laureates in Physics, John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton, used physics tools to develop machine learning methods. They invented associative memory and a Boltzmann machine that can autonomously find patterns in data.

Lunar Lake's iGPU: Debut of Intel's Xe2 Architecture

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Intel's Lunar Lake iGPU features an Xe2 graphics architecture with improved efficiency and caching, offering better performance in certain tasks. It competes with AMD's Strix Point iGPU, which has a higher compute throughput but is also more power hungry.

The Nazi of Oak Park

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A high school custodian, Reinhold Kulle, was revealed to be a former Nazi concentration camp guard, sparking a community debate in Oak Park, Illinois. The school board ultimately decided to terminate Kulle's employment due to his past actions.

The costs of the i386 to x86-64 upgrade

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The author discusses the trade-offs between CISC and RISC instruction sets and how the size of addresses in a program's code affects code density, which can impact memory and disk space usage. The author also explores the impact of the LP64 programming model on code and data density, finding that while 64-bit code may be more compact than 32-bit code on Intel x86, the real performance penalty ...

Run Llama locally with only PyTorch on CPU

https://opengraph.githubassets.com/5ddd0c60c213b28d1ddbbe187fa78c74faa34bac9679589cdf6007e36181c2f7/anordin95/run-llama-locally
The user explores the Llama models using minimal dependencies and provides a simplified way to run the models. They also discuss the performance differences between CPU and GPU (mps) and the impact of sequence length on memory usage.

The missing middle: firms in developing countries

https://asteriskmag.com/assets/img/asterisk_x.png
Development economics has shifted from focusing on individual household interventions to firm growth, which is key to a country's economic growth. Helping firms grow through access to capital, technology, and management practices can lead to genuine prosperity for people in developing countries.

FTX creditors will make money on bankruptcy

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A Delaware judge approved FTX's reorganization plan, allowing 98% of creditors to receive 119% of their claims. FTX collected $14.7-$16.5 billion in assets to distribute to creditors.

The Atlantic Did Me Dirty

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A teacher argues that the current reading stamina crisis among students is oversimplified and that educators are capable of inspiring students to read complex texts. The teacher suggests that the problem lies in the narrow definition of quality literature and the lack of culturally relevant texts.

Ask HN: Good Online Maths Communities?

The user is looking for online math communities to help improve their math skills and is interested in communities that can provide discussions and problem-solving at a professional level. Recommended communities include Math Overflow, the Libera IRC ##math community, Bitwise, and the math Discord, which cater to various levels of math expertise and interests.

Japan's Cat Island won't survive much longer

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Aoshima Island, known as Cat Island, is a 30-minute ferry ride off Japan's Ehime Prefecture, home to hundreds of cats that attracted tourists. However, due to aging residents and declining tourist numbers, the island's cat population is decreasing and may cease to exist in a few years.

Car brands are collecting and sharing your data with third parties

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Car brands are collecting and sharing driver data, including location and voice recognition, often without clear transparency. Many consumers are unaware of data collection and sharing practices, with some car makers selling data to third parties.

X reinstated in Brazil after complying with court demands

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Brazil's Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes allowed X to resume service in the country after it complied with demands to block certain accounts and name a local representative. X was blocked in Brazil over a month ago due to a dispute over free speech and misinformation.

BP abandons goal to cut oil output, resets strategy

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Building a robust data synchronization framework with Rails

https://pcreux.com/assets/images/posts/2024-10-07-rails-data-sync-service/og_workflow.jpg
Zipline's ZipIO system integrates with third-party apps using a modular, asynchronous architecture with robust error handling and logging. The system uses Ruby on Rails and custom DSLs for data transformation and workflow definition, allowing for easy maintenance and scalability.

Julia 1.11 Highlights

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Julia version 1.11 has been released with several key improvements including a new Memory type, public keyword, and Manifest.toml file renaming. This release also includes performance enhancements and new features such as scoped values and exception type inference.

Archaeologists found an ancient Egyptian observatory

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Egyptian archaeologists discovered an ancient astronomical observatory in the Nile Delta, initially thought to be a temple. The site, Tell El Fara'in, features a sundial, a merkhet, and astronomical inscriptions, indicating a dual role as spiritual and scientific site.

Kudzu, the vine that never ate the South (2015)

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Kudzu's spread in the US is greatly exaggerated, covering only 227,000 acres, not millions. The myth of kudzu's invincibility hides the South's true biodiversity and obscures more serious threats to the countryside.

TikTok sued by 13 states and DC, accused of harming younger users

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Ask HN: Have you built something that users have become addicted to or overused?

The developer of FlappyBird and I encountered unintended user consequences with our products, leading to issues like addiction and misuse. We took steps to address these problems, such as removing the game and implementing educational initiatives.

Show HN: Squey, an open-source GPU-accelerated data visualization software

https://squey.org/images/test1.png
Squey is an open-source software for visualizing and understanding large tabular data. It can import and export Apache Parquet files and perform various tasks like remediation and data export.

Engineering Geology of the BART System (2000)

The Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system was first proposed in 1947 and construction began in 1964, with the first phase completed in 1972 at a cost of $1.6 billion. The system's design and construction involved innovative techniques, including the use of flexible circular linings and cathodic corrosion protection, and it set new standards for rapid transit systems in the US.

iPhone Mirroring at work may expose employees’ personal information

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Sevco discovered a major systemic privacy bug in macOS 15.0 Sequoia and iOS 18, exposing personal iPhone apps to corporate IT departments via iPhone Mirroring. Apple has identified the root cause and is working on a fix, with Sevco recommending companies purge mistakenly collected data after the patch is available.

The Disappearance of an Internet Domain

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The British government transferred sovereignty of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, ending the .io domain suffix. This change will force companies and individuals to switch to new domains, highlighting the intersection of international relations and internet infrastructure.
Tired of short, boring URLs? Unleash the power of urlshortenersaresoyesterdaytrythisamazingsuperlongurlexpander! Our cutting-edge URL expansion technology turns puny links into magnificent, sprawling web addresses. Join the URL revolution and make your links as long as your imagination!

Improving Parquet Dedupe on Hugging Face Hub

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The Xet team at Hugging Face is optimizing Parquet storage to improve efficiency by deduplicating data. They found that Parquet's layout makes deduplication challenging, especially with row modifications and deletions.

MoneyGram says hacker stole customers' personal information and transaction data

https://techcrunch.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/moneygram-greece-cyberattack.jpg?w=1024
MoneyGram experienced a cyberattack on September 20, resulting in unauthorized access to customer data including names, addresses, and financial information. The company is investigating the breach and has notified U.K. regulators, but the number of affected customers is unknown.

Mexico revives century-old railway in $2.8B bid to rival Panama Canal (2023)

FT offers a trial for ¥41749 then ¥9000/month, or pay ¥14999 every 3 months for 12 months with a 20% discount. Cancel anytime during the trial, with a 20% discount for paying a year upfront.

Futexes in TLA+

https://surfingcomplexity.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image-1.png?w=1024
Justine Tunney's blog post "The Fastest Mutexes" describes how she implemented mutexes in Cosmopolitan Libc using futexes, which allow the OS to put a thread to sleep and avoid system calls when possible. A user models futexes in TLA+ to understand their behavior and checks properties such as mutual exclusion, avoiding system calls under contention, and preventing a race condition that could ...

"Now What?" by John Hopfield (2018) [pdf]

The Szigeti relations failed to satisfy experimental data, indicating the inadequacy of simple classical theories of ionic crystals. Overhauser's discovery of the Overhauser Effect led to significant advancements in nuclear magnetic resonance and various fields.

First wave of M4 Macs, including smaller Mac mini, coming November 1

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Bloomberg forecasts M4 Macs to launch on November 1, following a late-October announcement. The lineup includes refreshed MacBook Pros, a new M4 iMac, and an updated Mac mini with a revamped design.

You're holding your AI wrong

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The author reminisces about Google's past efforts to reduce meetings, starting with Larry Page's 2011 email encouraging clear agendas and actions.

Rust GPU: The future of GPU programming

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Rust GPU allows writing and running GPU software in Rust, leveraging its safety and concurrency features for performance and reliability. It unifies CPU and GPU development with a single codebase, utilizing the Rust ecosystem and existing knowledge.

Show HN: Running Game Boy ROMs on the STM32 ARM Cortex Microcontroller

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jnz/stm32boy/main/img/stm32boy.png
⚠️ This will not compile without a ROM file, which is NOT part of this repository. ⚠️ You must manually add your ROM file as Core/Src/gameboy_rom.h. With the xxd tool installed on Linux, just run: The variable name must be gameboy_rom_gb and the (large) file should look something like this:

If the Django Software Foundation had $1M

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Jacob, DSF Treasurer, discussed the foundation's finances and proposed a quadrupled budget to hire an executive director, expand the fellowship program, and increase grants. He also outlined ways for the community to help, including donations, joining the DSF, and spreading the word about fundraising efforts.

Using Paid Ads to Grow Elite Hoops as an Indie and 11 Other Lessons

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The user shares 12 key takeaways from building Elite Hoops, including asking for emails, scaling with paid ads, and using analytics tools like Mixpanel and Plausible. By focusing on marketing, staying focused, and having a clear roadmap, the user aims to grow Elite Hoops and achieve its goals.

Open Source Pledge

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The Open Source Initiative supports the Open Source Pledge to prevent maintainer burnout and ensure long-term health of open-source projects. Companies and organizations are urged to join the pledge to support open-source sustainability.

Switching to 5Ghz WiFi made the Raspberry Pi fly again

Raspberry Pi 4 experienced slow WiFi speeds due to interference from USB3 on 2.4GHz WiFi. Switching to 5GHz or setting the network to 5GHz resolved the issue.

GLP-1 pills are coming, and they could revolutionize weight-loss treatment

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Researchers are developing oral GLP-1 weight loss drugs to replace weekly injections. These pills could ease shortages, lower costs, and enhance convenience, but also raise concerns about misuse.

Goodbye Windows 7

Microsoft ended Windows 7 support for most users in January 2020, but businesses could pay for up to 3 years of extra updates. Windows Embedded POSReady 7 also reached its end of life today.

Boeing at Risk of Junk Rating with S&P Amid Strike

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Bloomberg reports S&P Global Ratings may downgrade Boeing's credit to junk due to cash needs. Boeing may need additional funding due to a protracted strike and $10 billion cash burn in 2024.

Engineers are not fans of technologies

The text discusses Python's performance issues, stating it's 40-50 times slower than C and lacks effective multi-core utilization. However, it also notes that modern computers are fast, and Python's flexibility can be a good deal if performance needs are not high.

Napkin: Back-of-the-envelope calculations in Python

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Napkin is a Python library that performs calculations and substitutions in code. It uses 2to3 to replace uppercase variables and has built-in primitives for latency estimates and SLO computations.

Why U.S. Regulators See Minicars as the Enemy

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US consumers are disinterested in microcars due to regulatory roadblocks, including strict safety standards and limited speed categories. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's categorization of vehicles as either cars or Low-Speed Vehicles (LSV) leaves little space for popular minicars abroad.
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Nobel Prize goes to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton work on machine learning

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Geoffrey Hinton and John Hopfield won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on machine learning, a key to artificial intelligence. Their research on neural networks paved the way for AI systems like ChatGPT and has various applications including climate modeling and medical image analysis.

They trained artificial neural networks using physics

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The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for foundational discoveries in artificial neural networks. Their work enabled machine learning and has been used in various areas including developing new materials.

Salt Typhoon hacked US broadband providers and breached wiretap systems

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China-linked APT group Salt Typhoon breached US broadband providers, potentially accessing systems for lawful wiretapping and other data. The breach poses a major national security risk, with experts suspecting the hackers gathered extensive internet traffic and compromised sensitive data.

Generation Never-Called-in-Sick

https://i.insider.com/66f33323ce3009a0fac935aa?width=700
Ron Sherman, a 67-year-old laid off worker, is rethinking his work ethic after being let go three times, questioning if his loyalty to employers was worth it. He's considering the idea of taking more time off like younger generations.

Caveman Debugging in the Modern Age

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The author recommends using a combination of caveman debugging and live templates in IntelliJ IDEA to create a productive workflow. They suggest analyzing your workflow to identify repeating code and creating custom live templates to simplify it.

Nearly 50% of researchers quit science within a decade, huge study reveals

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A study of nearly 400,000 scientists found that one-third quit within five years and almost half leave within a decade, with women more likely to stop publishing. The study highlights a significant problem in science, with varying gender gaps between disciplines and a need for further research to understand why scientists leave the profession.

Engineering Managers' Guide to Effective Annual Feedback

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Regular written feedback cycles help Engineering Managers provide formal feedback, boost morale, and identify areas for growth. A well-executed feedback cycle is a powerful tool for individual growth and organizational success, built on continuous work during the year through regular 1:1s and Strength-Based Feedback.

VA congressional candidate creates AI chatbot as debate stand-in for incumbent

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Cards Against Humanity Pays You to Give a Shit

Cards Against Humanity is paying non-voters to apologize and make a voting plan, with 100% of profits going to fund this effort. They're selling an election pack for $7.99 to help fund this initiative.

Launching on Product Hunt

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The author launched 42-55 dev tools on Product Hunt, sharing lessons learned on successful launches. Key principles include tailoring messaging, engaging with the community, and leveraging Hunters for maximum exposure.