98.css

98.css is a CSS library that styles HTML elements to resemble Windows 98. It's compatible with various frontend frameworks and prioritizes accessibility.

Writing by hand is good for your brain

https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cI7w!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d79ece7-543c-42fe-9b00-43be9a0ff89b_2544x2176.png
Writing by hand with a fountain pen on paper can be beneficial for the brain and reduce fatigue, but it requires finding the right balance of friction and using the right type of paper. To get started, consider using a fountain pen with a fine nib on inexpensive paper and gradually move to more expensive pens and paper as you develop your writing style.

Show HN: Echo – Fable-level results at 1/3 the cost using open-weight models

The user built Echo, an AI system that combines multiple open-weight models for better performance, allocating computation and combining outputs based on each request. Echo outperformed individual models and reached similar results to Fable at lower inference cost, but still has limitations and failure cases to be addressed.

A Taxonomy of Omnicidal Futures Involving Artificial Intelligence

https://arxiv.org/static/browse/0.3.4/images/arxiv-logo-fb.png
A report by Andrew Critch presents potential omnicidal AI scenarios to raise awareness and support preventive measures against catastrophic AI risks. The goal is to encourage public support for institutions to take actions to avoid these possibilities.

The Beam Engine

https://glinscott.github.io/beam-engine/social-card.jpg
The beam engine, developed by Thomas Newcomen and improved by James Watt, used steam to drive a piston and ultimately turn a crank, producing power for the Industrial Revolution. Watt's innovations, including the double-acting engine and the parallel motion, increased efficiency and allowed the engine to power machinery directly, revolutionizing industry and manufacturing.

The Visual 6502

FAQ Blog Links&nbsp This simulator uses HTML5 features only found on the latest versions of browsers and needs lots of RAM. If you have trouble, please check compatibility. Keyboard controls: 'z' to zoom in, 'x' to zoom out, 'n' to step the simulation. Mouse controls: Left-click and drag to scroll around (when you're zoomed in.) More information in the User ...

What happened to TheNumbers.com

https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jv4W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F730e3c9b-f856-4142-ad5a-b0aa0ef37425_1186x668.jpeg
The Numbers, a film industry data website, was severely impacted by AI traffic and a potential cyberattack, leading to a week-long outage and significant changes to its infrastructure. The site's founder, Bruce Nash, attributes the issues to the increasing strain of AI bots and automated traffic, which now make up 90% of the site's traffic.

Startup founders urge U.S. government not to shut off Chinese open weight AI

Silicon Valley startup founders are urging the Trump administration not to block access to Chinese open-weight AI models, warning that a ban would cripple US startups. They propose targeted safeguards instead of broad prohibitions to address security concerns.

What else do people draw on gradient.horse?

https://rybakov.com/cover-angrymark4.jpg
Gradient.horse has drawn over 600,000 images since January 2026, with more horses online than in the wild. The site features recurring topics like skateboards, snails, sea horses, memes, and philosophical texts.

Building on ATProto

The user wants to build a suite of applications for recording reviews that allow users to choose how public or private they want their reviews to be, but is disappointed with the current design of ATProto, which assumes everything will be published online and doesn't support access control or private data. The user believes ATProto has the potential to be a new protocol empowering users, but ...

Why Software Factories Fail (or: harness engineering is not enough)

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/humanlayer/advanced-context-engineering-for-coding-agents/main/images/loop-engineering-shadow.png
Dex from HumanLayer discusses the limitations of using AI coding agents in software development, citing issues with maintainability and code quality over time. He proposes a 4-phase approach to using AI in coding, including product review, system architecture, program design, and implementation, to help teams produce high-quality code.

Software rendering in 500 lines of bare C++

https://haqr.eu/tinyrenderer/home/africanhead.png
The goal is to create a simplified 3D graphics API clone from scratch using OpenGL, Vulkan, Metal, and DirectX, focusing on understanding the underlying concepts rather than writing GPU applications. The initial task involves creating a software renderer that can load a 3D model and render it to an image file, starting with basic functionality to set pixel colors.

Learn OpenGL, extensive tutorial resource for learning Modern OpenGL

https://learnopengl.com/img/index_image2.png
This online book teaches modern OpenGL basics, intermediate, and advanced knowledge in an easy-to-understand format with clear examples. It's free and available online, with a physical copy also available for purchase.
https://static0.thegamerimages.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/beige-empty-corridors-from-the-backrooms-a24-movie.jpg?&fit=crop&w=1600&h=900
A24 is removing Backrooms-related content, including artwork, citing copyright concerns despite the concept originating from a 2019 4chan post. This move has sparked concerns about large companies controlling community-created internet culture, with creator Kane Parsons supporting the community.

Interview with Matheus Moreira about Lone Lisp and Linux Kernel

Alex Alejandre Matheus Moreira built Lone Lisp, a language directly on Linux system calls, and shares his knowledge of C and the Linux Kernel. He started learning programming through video games, specifically the Mega Man Battle Network series, and eventually learned various languages including C++, Java, Ruby, and Lisp, before creating Lone Lisp as a freestanding language with a focus on ...

Show HN: Palmier Pro – Open-source macOS video editor built for AI

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/palmier-io/palmier-pro/main/assets/palmier-ui.png
Palmier Pro is an open source Mac video editor that integrates AI into the workflow. It allows users to generate and edit videos with SOTA models and connect with agents like Claude/Codex/Cursor via MCP.

DARPA, U.S. Air Force fly AI-controlled F-16

https://www.darpa.mil/sites/default/files/gallery/2026-07/program-air-venom-testing-flight-2026.jpg
A US Air Force F-16 fighter jet has undergone in-air testing using an AI agent to autonomously control flight, advancing combat AI development. The VENOM program, a joint effort between the US Air Force and DARPA, aims to develop trusted, autonomous air combat capabilities.

A solid-state “atomic channel” for separating rare earth elements

https://pme.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/styles/wide/public/2026-07/Chong_Liu_057.jpg.webp?itok=Yy4Wd3nP
Researchers at the University of Chicago and Northwestern University discovered a cleaner method to separate rare earth elements using a layered form of manganese oxide. The new approach relies on electrochemical intercalation and can differentiate rare earth elements in water without organic solvents.

Astronomers may have found the first exomoon

https://cdn.eso.org/images/newsfeature/eso2610a.jpg
Astronomers have discovered a moon-like object in the CD-35 2722 system, which orbits a brown dwarf, not a planet. This object is at least as massive as Jupiter and is difficult to label due to the system's unique characteristics.

Converting Files into Minecraft Worlds

https://wuemeli.com/img/og-image.png
The user created a program to convert any file into a Minecraft world by mapping each byte to a block and placing them in a 16x16x16 cube. The program can now read and write .mca region files, allowing for large multi-region worlds to be encoded.

The arguments against open source AI are bad

https://tombedor.dev/assets/images/stack-66e4fd377352ecc706f357355068ebdf.png
The debate over open-source AI models is misguided, as history shows that suppressing open-source software is difficult and only weakens companies against international competitors. Open-source AI models can benefit the US economy, as they can be developed by various commercial actors, including American startups and chip makers, and can lead to innovation and growth.

Launch HN: Screenpipe (YC S26) – Record how you work and turn that into agents

Louis built Screenpipe, an app that records screen and audio locally to give AI agents a searchable memory of user activity, making it easier to automate tasks and create SOPs. Screenpipe's AI-friendly API allows users to interact with their recorded data through various agents, with a free tier and commercial plans available, including an enterprise plan for discovering automation opportunities.

Show HN: Claude-thermos keeps your Claude session warm for you

https://opengraph.githubassets.com/4e9795283c577dfdf7f2947f92f8a9e413a49ce7018cf585b808d769b0e38cad/izeigerman/claude-thermos
Claude Code's prompt cache expires after 5 minutes, causing expensive re-encoding. claude-thermos keeps the cache warm, preventing this tax.

Show HN: OneCLI – OSS credential gateway that keeps secrets out of AI agents

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/onecli/onecli/main/assets/onecli-flow-light.gif
OneCLI is an open-source gateway that securely stores API credentials and injects them into AI agent requests. It provides a single point for managing access, rotating keys, and monitoring agent activity.

Learn WebGPU for C++

https://eliemichel.github.io/LearnWebGPU/_images/resulting-code-light.png
This guide explains how to create native 3D applications in C++ using WebGPU graphics API for Windows, Linux, and macOS. It's still under construction and uses outdated code in some sections.

Tell HN: Namecheap gave my account to an unverified third party

NameCheap customer had account compromised after incoming club leader convinced support to change password and email address without verification. The customer believes this is a massive vulnerability and has moved critical domains out of NameCheap due to ease of account takeover.

Fields Medals 2026

https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/2026-07/Fields-front_transparent-900.png
The Fields Medal is awarded for outstanding mathematical achievement and future promise, funded by a trust established by J.C.Fields. The 2026 prize winners were recognized for their work in partial differential equations, symplectic geometry, arithmetic and complex algebraic geometry, and harmonic analysis.

Escape Analysis in Go: Stack vs. Heap Allocations Explained

https://blog.jetbrains.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/escape-analysis_launch_02.gif
The Go compiler uses escape analysis to determine whether a value can be allocated on the stack or must be moved to the heap, and understanding this process is a must-have skill for any Go developer. By using the GoLand escape analysis tool or the -gcflags debug flag, developers can inspect the compiler's output to identify patterns and optimize performance-critical code.

Show HN: Trifle – Open-source analytics that stores answers, not events

https://trifle.io/landing.jpg
Trifle provides visibility into pricing pipelines and catches anomalies before customers notice. It offers a combination of big-picture data and individual job execution details through Stats and Traces.

Meta Garbage Collection: Using OCaml's GC to GC Rust

https://soteria-tools.com/_app/immutable/assets/opale.BNPXxV6i.jpg
Soteria Rust, a symbolic execution tool, experienced quadratic time complexity due to its Tree Borrows implementation, but was fixed by delegating garbage collection to OCaml's garbage collector, resulting in a 10x speedup. The fix involved implementing a "backoff" mechanism to run the OCaml garbage collector periodically when the tree exceeded a certain size, achieving linear execution time ...